Gerund and Infinitives

What is Gerund ??

Gerund is the verb form –ing used as a noun, form of the same as the form in present participle/v-ing, differences between the present participle is that the gerund is a noun while the present participle is an adjective.

Some functions of gerund, that is :

1.  Gerund as subject

Example : 
Swimming is my hobby.

2.  Gerund as object

a.  Object of verb

Example : 
She enjoys cooking.

Some verb to be followed by a gerund, that is : 
admint, appreciate, avoid, anticipate, continue, deny, delay, detest, enjoy, excuse, finish, forgive, keep, mind, pratisie, prevent, risk, understand, quit.

3. Gerund as complement

Example : 
- His hobby is singing (Subjective Complement).

- She likes shopping (Objective Complement).

4. Gerund as noun modifier

Example : 
The reading book is on the table.

What is Infinitives ??

Infinitives are the basic forms of the verbs. In English, infinitives writing usually begins by “to”.

Example : to read, to walk, to give, and so on. Although in general the infinitive preceded by “to”, but there are some infinitive without "to", usually referred to as "bare infinitive".

Example:
“Help me open the window”.

Some verbs that can be followed by
the usual "infinitives" is as follows :

hope to, plan to, advise to, command to, intend to, decide to, promise to, agree to, offer to, refuse to, seem to, appear to, expect to, would like to, want to, need to, invite to, order to, etc.

Formula to use the infinitive:

A.  Subject + Verb + to infinitive

Sample Sentences :

- I want to study English.

- I hope to see you again.

B.  Subject + Verb + Object (nouns/ Pronouns) + to infinitive

Sample Sentences :

- I want you to study English, now.

-The police ordered the driver to stop.